民族学刊

国家通用语言文字作为重要的人力资本、信息资源和经济资源助力乡村振兴是现实必然。文章聚焦民族地区乡村青壮年群体国家通用语言的使用情况，从公共场所、社区(村、小队)和家庭三个语域，对和田地区洛浦县A、B、C三个村的青壮年国家通用语言(普通话)的使用情况、应用能力和国家通用语言水平与收入状况进行了调查。通过梳理民族地区国家通用语言推广普及存在的问题，结合乡村青壮年国家通用语言使用水平现状，建议从乡政府、社区(村、小队)和家庭三个层面，设计“乡政府-社区(村、小队)-家庭”为一体的整体语言规划，建构“乡政府-社区-学校-家庭”不同层面多元一体的国家通用语言学习和培训体系，构建乡政顶层设计、基层社区(村、小队)发挥主导作用、家庭形成多元语言意识三位一体的国家通用语言推广共同体，形成合力在提高乡村青壮年国家通用语言水平的同时，不断增强乡村国家通用语言推广普及质量，持续发挥语言助力乡村振兴的重要作用。

To investigate the language use of the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language of young adults in rural areas,the study takes 65 young adults,aged 20 to 50,as candidates from 237 people in L Village,Luopu County,Hotan Prefecture as the survey subjects.The investigation is conducted on the language usage,application,and proficiency of the language associated with their income in three registers of public places,community places(village and sub-village),and family.The survey shows that:i) The general situation of the use of the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language is that the staff in the town administration organs and public institutions,teachers in kindergartens and primary and secondary schools are relatively skillful in the use of the language;the language skills of the staff in business and transportation are at relatively average level,while the language skills of peasant is relatively poor;ii) In the perspective of language register,people tend gradually to use the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language for communication in public places;in community area,the way of language use are determined by the use of the community's language recipients.The candidates tend to use their mother tongue when communicating with fellow ethnic people in the community;in family,they usually tend to use their mother tongue for communication purposes;iii) In the perspectives of language skills,the listening and speaking ability of the young adults in L Village is higher than the reading and writing skills in the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language;iv) The language useability of young adults in Village L in the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language has a positive and significant impact on their income,which is shown by the large majority of people who have higher income are proficient in the language;while the people with low income are poor in the language proficient of the language.Additionally,this study tries to sort out the problems in the promotion and popularization of the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language in ethnic minority areas.The problems are:1) Language education is insufficient in the family in ethnic minority areas,and this is caused by a lack of the sense of using the standard spoken and written language in family communication;2) There is no overall language planning in the community(village,team) communication,and the language used is singular,especially in the mono-ethnic community.3) It lags behind in the promotion and popularization and the construction language ecological environment,and there is a lack of professional language service institutions for the program.Based on the results of the investigation,it is suggested to design an integrated language planning using the order of "township government-community(village,team)-family",and from here build a diversified and integrated standard spoken and written language learning and training system at various levels of the "township governmentcommunity-school-family".Moreover,it is then up to the scholars to explore an effective and pragmatic connection between the township government,community,and family.This aims to give full play to the joint efforts to build a triad of the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language promotion community which involves a top-level design of township government,a leading role of countryside communities(villages and teams),and the formation of multi-linguistic awareness within the family units.