民族学刊

中华民族共同体语境对蒙古语基本元音和格局产生影响，但其和谐律相对稳定。如伊犁州额鲁特话的元音阴阳格局兼具蒙古语标准音和维吾尔语等邻近语言语音格局特点。伊犁州额鲁特话的元音和谐属于舌位和谐类型，发音时通过保持舌位相对平衡，遵循“就近原则”来实现和谐律；严格和非严格和谐律现象的区别在于：前者在格局图高低和前后维度上保持相同或相近的舌位，而后者仅在单一维度上保持这种关系，其中阳性元音和谐律程度较高，达到68.4%～84.3%。由于汉语与蒙古语标准音等接触频繁，呼伦贝尔额鲁特话词首位置产生了元音[?][u][?],当这些元音的舌位与国家通用语言对应元音相同或相近时，其和谐律形成的整体舌位特征也与国家通用语言相似。然而在实际的语流中，汉语声调对单元音有影响，因此在推广国家通用语言时，基于声学数据开展声调和舌位的纠偏训练尤为重要。同时，建立额鲁特话元音和谐律与国家通用语言音系的关联，培养共同的语言认同，这对中华民族共同体建设具有重要意义。

Based on a field survey,this paper adopts an experimental methodology to create a "Database of Acoustic Parameters of the OgeledMongolian Language in Yili".It tries to use this data to map out the sound pattern of vowels of Ogeled-Mongolian,with a specific focus on the harmony degree of masculine vowels as well as their acoustic features.Meanwhile,it aims to explore the phonetic foundation of the community construction and thereby provide references for this construction.Results indicate that masculine vowel harmony in the Ogeled-Mongolian in Yili still retains its own features,and the boundaries between masculine and feminine vowels in the sound pattern are relatively clear.The masculine vowels are distributed in the backward area of the pattern.With the exception of the vowel [o] and [o:],all other masculine vowels are situated in the downward area or lower positions relative to feminine vowels in the low-to-high dimensions.The vowel harmony of Ogeled-Mongolian in Yili falls under the category of tongue position harmony.This harmony is realized by keeping the tongue position relatively balanced,following the "proximity principle" to combine the vowels.There are two types of harmonization:The first one is strict harmonization,where the same or similar tongue positions are maintained in both the low-tohigh,and back-to-front dimensions of the pattern.The second is a non-strictly harmonized phenomenon,which only maintains the same or similar tongue position in either the high-to-low or back-tofront dimension of the sound pattern.Both of these harmonization phenomena appear to be related to pronunciation habits.Additionally,there is a third case where vowel harmony is completely determined by the root-suffix component,independent of pronunciation habits.All masculine vowels in the Ogeled-Mongolian language of Yili demonstrate a high degree of harmony.The descending order of the degree of harmonic rhythm is as follows:[?](84.3%),[(?)](83.4%),[o:](78.5%),[(?)](78.5%),[o](74.6%) and [o:](68.4%).The vowel [?] in Ogeled-Mongolian is a central and mid-high vowel.The proximity of [?] to [o] [o:] [?:] in the sound pattern is close,and the differences in their formants are minimal.The vowel [?] is neutral in nature,and its combination with the feminine and masculine vowels is in fact also a tongue position harmony.It worth mentioning that besides the masculine vowel [(?)] [o],the tongue position of the feminine vowels [i] [e] [?] [u] in Ogeled-Mongolian in Yili and Hulun Buir is exactly the same as that of the vowels [i] [e] [?] [u] in the national common language.In addition,[ε] is a vowel in Ogeled-Mongolian that emerged later in Hulun Buir.Its tongue position seems to be more similar to the national common language than the vowel [?] in Ogeled-Mongolian in Xinjiang.Moreover,in the process of harmonization,the tongue position of the masculine vowels [(?)] [o] [ε] in Ogeled-Mongolian is similar to that of the vowels in the national common language.Therefore,a further exploration of the relationship between vowel harmony of Ogeled-Mongolian and the phonological system of the national common language,and cultivation of a common linguistic identity will contribute to the construction of the Chinese national community.