民族学刊

抗战时期中华民族共同体意识得到空前的激发与凝聚。作为战时奔赴延安的一员，满族作家马加的文学创作亦随空间转换而发生阶段性嬗变。从东北乡土到延安场域，马加在延安时期的文学创作展现出隐性民族性与显性革命性交织的双重叙事特征，这一变化并非民族特质的消解或“单向”融入，而是满族文化因子与延安精神在特定历史空间中实现的创造性转化与融合，体现了中华民族共同体意识的强大凝聚力与感召力。通过微物视角解读其作品，可见其书写实现了从族群记忆到家国想象的升维。一方面，满族的精神符号与延安的革命话语形成潜在对话；另一方面，少数民族英雄观与延安这一广义场域下的革命英雄多元书写，共同构成充满张力的叙事生长点。马加离延后，继续延伸这种民族书写方式，“融合”与“新生”的主题持续辐射。他通过对民族文化的选择性再现，呈现出具有现代性意义的文学表达。马加延安时期的文学创作既是对本民族精神谱系的赓续，也是对中华民族共同体意识的自觉体认，成为铸牢中华民族共同体意识的积极文学实践。

From his native Northeast China to the Yan'an revolutionary base, the literary works of Manchu writer Ma Jia reveal a distinct progression of ethnic expression during his time in Yan'an. His writings exhibit dual narrative features—implicit ethnic character and explicit revolutionary nature—where the core of Manchu culture merged with the ethos of Yan'an and the era's zeitgeist. This dy-namic reflects a shift from an unconscious to a con-scious sense of Chinese national community identi-ty at the individual level. Before arriving in Yan'an, Ma Jia's works lamented the nostalgia of displaced individuals and expressed longing for his homeland and ethnic roots, while vehemently criti-cizing social injustices through a uniquely Manchu lens. However, upon his arrival in Yan'an, his dual identity as both a soldier and a writer promp-ted a shift in focus the suffering of the Northeastern people to the resistance narratives of soldiers and civilians behind enemy lines. The palpable sense of alienation and ethnic sentiment gradually eased, as Ma Jia re-contextual-ized local ethnic symbols within the new geograph-ical framework of Yan'an, integrating personal eth-nic narratives into the broader national revolutiona-ry discourse. The intense ethnic emotions gradually transitioned into a conscious awareness of the na-tional community. However, this vivid transforma-tion does not imply the erasure of ethnic character-istics or a one-sided assimilation; rather, it repre-sents a creative integration and dynamic transfor-mation of Manchu cultural elements within the rev-olutionary atmosphere of Yan'an. This phenomenon demonstrates the strong centripetal force and cohe-sion inherent in the consciousness of the Chinese national community. The catalysts for this transfor-mation are threefold: First, the potential for such change was already inherently present in Ma Jia's early works, indicating it did not occur overnight; second, the shift in temporal and spatial context provided the author with new intuitive experiences, prompting a conscious alteration of identity and a shift from everyday sentiment to artistic expression; third, the author's emotional orientation altered from individualism to collectivism.Through a reconfiguration of space and adjust-ments in creative content and emotion, Ma Jia a-chieved a synthesis of spiritual realms and a renew-al of Chinese national community consciousness within the revolutionary context of Yan'an. This “renewal” can be traced through a microanalytic lens. On one hand, Manchu spiritual symbols en-gage in a latent dialogue with Yan'an's revolutiona-ry discourse: Regarding natural spirit, the ethnic natural ethos and Yan'an's revolutionary spirit blend and mutually reinforce one another, provi-ding Ma Jia with new creative inspiration; in terms of revolutionary spirit, the majestic natural aesthet-ics of Northeast China's landscapes resonate with the revolutionary spirit of Yan'an's military and ci-vilians. On the other hand, the concept of ethnic heroes, alongside the multifaceted representation of revolutionary champions within the broader context of Yan'an form a dynamic point of growth. After leaving Yan'an, this process of “ integration” and “renewal” continued to exert influence Ma Jia's work through selective modern writing that revisited ethnic culture and reconstructed memory. Ma's lit-erary creation during the Yan'an period not only continued the genealogical lineage of his ethnic spirit, but also embodied a conscious recognition of the Chinese national community consciousness, serving as a proactive contribution to strengthening the sense of the Chinese national community.