民族学刊

当前中国海外利益规模越来越大，所面临的风险因素与日俱增，海外利益保护的难度和强度陡然增加，仅仅依靠中央政府来实现海外利益的有效保护已然捉襟见肘，更多力量共同保护海外利益已是大势所趋。中央政府和地方政府统一于政府的整体范畴之内，中央政府授予地方政府管理权限，地方政府对中央政府负责。央地关系在海外利益保护中表现为协调一致性，地方政府的参与可以有效填补海外利益保护的真空区域。民族自治地方政府作为地方政府中的特殊存在，在央地关系中既符合协调一致性，又有其特殊性。民族自治地方政府既要加快民族地区的现代化建设、促进民族地区的跨越式发展，又要铸牢中华民族共同体意识、增进各民族群众的国家认同。在深刻认识自身参与海外利益保护的优势和不足的基础上，民族自治地方政府扬长避短，从理念、能力、机构、机制等多个方面加以完善和优化，事半功倍地参与中国海外利益保护。

At present,the pattern of global interests is constantly changing,the content of China's overseas interests is constantly developing,and the scale is increasing. As a result,the risk factors of China 's overseas interests have been growing as well,drastically augmenting the difficulty and intensity of protecting those overseas interests. It is unrealistic to rely only on the central government to effectively protect the overseas interests,and the involvement of more organizations to participate in the protection of these interests appears to be the general trend.The central government and local governments in China are unified within the overall scope of government. The central government grants management authority to local governments,which in turn are responsible to the central government.Therefore,regional governments in China are an extension of the central government and the authority of the local government essentially comes from the authorization by the central government. Multilevel local governments are called to continuously concretize and quantify the national line,principles,and programs so that the major policies of the central administration can effectively be implemented. With respect to protecting China's overseas interests,the central government's goal is to firmly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the state,enterprises,and citizens overseas. Given the integrity of China 's overseas interests,the central and local governments have the same goal in protecting these interests. The relationship between the central government and local governments is consistent in the protection of overseas interests. The participation of local administrations ideally can effectively fill the vacuum of overseas interests protection.As unique entities among local governments,the governments of ethnic autonomous areas not only conform to the coordination and consistency but also have their particularity in the relationship between central and local governments. The governments of ethnic autonomous regions should not only speed up the modernization of those areas but also promote the leap-forward development of ethnic areas; at the same time,they additionally should firmly forge a sense of community for the Chinese nation and enhance the national identity of ethnic groups. This has shaped the particular nature of the relationship between the ethnic autonomous local government and the central leadership in China.This uniqueness,however,is not reflected in the difference of government functions but in the superposition of government functions. The governments of ethnic autonomous areas not only need to perform political,economic,cultural,and other administrative functions like ordinary local governments but also need to coordinate multiple ethnic relations,direct ethnic cultures,and handle religious affairs.Based on a deep understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of their participation in China's overseas interests protection,it can be inferred that local governments of ethnic autonomous areas in China should better participate in China's overseas interests protection by improving the ideas of overseas interests protection,strengthening their capabilities, perfecting relevant institution, and optimizing relevant mechanisms of overseas interests protection.