民族学刊

疗愈仪式作为民族民俗传统文化活动，普遍存在于滇西南民族村寨的日常生活之中，通过传统民俗仪式实践协调个体与环境关系。仪式的实质是村寨小型社群以组织化仪式行动应对群体、个体心理危机的民俗疗愈策略，其运作深度互嵌于村寨社会秩序结构之中。疗愈仪式具有“神圣性—规范性”二元特质，该特质与村寨秩序结构呈现正相关性。随着以基层党组织、村委会为核心的现代村寨秩序结构建立，以及行政力量嵌入、传统权威式微与市场机制冲击的三重变化，疗愈仪式随之发生适应性嬗变，表现为仪式的适用范围扩张、规范性消解和功能改变。针对外部资源输入与本土资源运用间的结构性张力，村寨秩序结构与传统民俗活动的调适需聚焦三重路径：强化现代性村寨秩序结构建设、规范民俗活动的实践边界、促进市场机制与乡土逻辑的动态协调，从而实现村寨秩序结构在现代化进程中的规范、良善、韧性存续，确保传统民间文化资源的合法有效利用。

Healing rituals are traditional folk cultural practices that are ubiquitous in the daily life of ethnic villages in southwestern Yunnan.These activities are rooted in the villagers' belief in animism and the dualism of " spirit and flesh".These rituals are organized and conducted by village leaders,who widely wielded both secular and spiritual power in the ethnic villages in the past.Today,this group of leaders(Most of them are the elderly in the village.) still maintains public stability,with their authority deriving from hereditary status,family representation,and ritual capabilities.Essentially,these rituals constitute a form of folk activity through which small village communities use organized ritual actions to address collective psychological crises.Their operation is deeply embedded in the social order structure of the village and utilizes the cultural influence of rituals to intervene in the mechanism of village order.Traditional healing rituals possess a dual characteristic of " sacredness-normativity",which correlates positively with the village's order structure.The contemporary continuation of their healing rituals manifests in the following ways:The rituals remain organized and conducted at the village level,with clear geographical and kinship characteristics;the organizers or hosts are often descendants of former village leaders;the rituals follow specific procedures;and villagers participate in the rituals actively.The reasons for the continuation of these healing rituals include the preservation of the " village-family" order structure,the continuation of the leadership group's " ritual authority" and its specific role in the cultural domain,and the rituals' ongoing function in encouraging mutual assistance within small village societies.Changes over time have led to transformations in healing rituals,evident in the change of their scope,the erosion of their normative authority,and the distortion of their functions.The underlying driver of these changes lies in the transformation of the village's order structure and the village leaders themselves.Administrative forces have reshaped this structure,leading to a gradual formation of a " kinship-family " order structure.The leadership group faces an inheritance crisis as descendants migrate for work,while the impact of market mechanism on rural logic has affected the traditional reciprocal mechanism.These phenomena directly reflect the systemic transformation of the village's order structure and the adaptive changes within the rituals themselves To conclude,a harmonious development of ethnic villages is the cornerstone of ethnic unity and social stability in border areas.To explore a normative development path for ethnic village order with Chinese characteristics,this paper proposes:1) Strengthening the construction of a village order structure compatible with modernity,fostering a collaborative relationship between administrative forces and village authorities,properly positioning and utilizing local resources for order enforcement,and encouraging new rural elites" to play an active role;2) Clarifying practical boundaries for folk activities,providing scientific guidance and supervision to prevent any unchecked application,procedural deviation,or misinterpretation of traditional customs;3) Promoting dynamic coordination between market mechanism and rural logic,improving rural legal and market regulatory norms and social service levels,and excavating,protecting,and utilizing local cultural order resources to achieve a coordinated development of market mechanisms and rural logic,thereby ensuring a benign and resilient continuation of traditional village order structures while undergoing a modernization process.