民族学刊

多民族协作的牦牛经济实践将游牧社会有效整合进统一市场体系，推动了民族经济与区域经济协调发展，增强了游牧社会的抗风险能力与稳定性。参与牦牛经济实践的各民族在经济互动过程中发生民族互嵌现象，形成了你中有我、我中有你的跨生态边界与族群边界的交往交流交融状态，多民族的一体格局得到进一步发展。农牧生态的差异性与互补性是多民族协作局面形成的自然生态因素，而道路设施改善以及现代交通工具的普及则是其根本动力因素。动力机械化变革正在深刻地重塑着民族间经济互动局面与民族交往交流交融局面，也是将中华民族共同体发展推向深入的根本动力。

Since the founding of New China,and especially following the reform and opening up policy,a new form of integrated development of farming and animal husbandry has emerged in agropastoral transitional areas:Trans-local fattening.Fei Xiaotong specifically talked about this interactive phenomenon during his 1986 survey in Linxia.With the improvement of road infrastructure and the popularization of modern means of transportation,trans-local fattening has now developed extensively in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,especially in Linxia County.As a result,a complete yak economic practice chain centered on Linxia County has been formed,radiating to Gannan of Gansu,Sichuan,Qinghai,Xizang and beyond,encompassing the entire nation.This chain follows a pattern of breeding in pastoral areas,fattening in agricultural areas,and national sales,mobilizing broad participation from different ethnic peoples,such as the Tibetan,Hui,and Han,thereby forming a multi-ethnic collaborative Yak economic practice based on fattening in another place.Taking Linxia County,under the jurisdiction of Linxia Prefecture,as its main field site,this study investigates multi-ethnic collaborative Yak economic practices as its primary research theme.It examines their formation,operational patterns,and the mechanisms of inter-ethnic exchange and interaction that have developed in the process.It contributes to understanding the factors and mechanisms of exchanges among ethnic groups in agropastoral transitional zones,inspiring further promotion of exchanges among ethnic peoples and building a community for the Chinese nation.Against the backdrop of rural economic reform and market liberalization,several factors have facilitated the emergence of this multi-ethnic collaborative Yak economy based on fattening in another place:Ecological differences and complementarities between agricultural and pastoral systems,population mobility in Linxia,improved road infrastructure and modern transportation,and the influence of cultural values.The multi-ethnic collaborative Yak economy effectively integrates nomadic societies into the unified national market,promotes coordinated development of ethnic and regional economies,and strengthens the resilience and stability of nomadic communities.Through economic interaction,the various ethnic groups participating in the Yak economic practice have gradually formed the phenomenon of spatial inter-embeddedness,rich inter-ethnic relationship networks as well as intermarriage,gradual enhancement of the commercial awareness of the Tibetan herders,while dietary practices have mutually enriched through cross-ethnic reference.These developments have fostered cross-ecological and cross-ethnic communication,interaction,and integration,and the integrated pattern of multiple ethnic groups has been further developed.Reviewing the entire economic practice of Yaks,this study holds that the differences and complementarities of agricultural and pastoral ecology constitute a natural foundation for multi-ethnic collaboration as well as for the communication,interaction,and integration among different ethnic groups.Meanwhile,the improvement of road infrastructure and the popularization of modern transportation are the fundamental driving factors.It can be said that the mechanization is profoundly reshaping the situation of inter-ethnic economic interaction and exchange,and is also the fundamental driving force to push the development of the community for the Chinese nation to a deeper level.