民族学刊

工业社会较之人类此前的其他文明形态社会而言，呈现出显著的加速特征，并反映在工业化以来四次重大的科学技术革命所引发频繁而巨大的社会变动之中。进入21世纪以来，随着人工智能即AI的重大技术突破，技术加速引发新一轮的社会加速如今正在以前所未有的影响力迅速重构人类社会的经济体系、职业结构与社会生活，不仅给人类个体身心带来严峻的适应性挑战，引发人们对于发展现实、未来前景的种种担忧与恐慌心理，而且不断提升经济、政治领域的加速欲望与竞争烈度，不断加深全球社会发展的不确定性与风险性。从人类学视角观察和分析可以发现，在技术进步与社会发展、技术革新与社会转型、技术加速与社会加速之间存在深刻的本质联系，人们需要充分理解技术与社会加速无法遏制的深层原因及其所带来人类发展问题的性质与根源，充分正视加速时代现有国家竞争机制所存在的问题与风险，努力通过寻求对加速的合理领导与控制，避免日益严重的全球技术政治危机产生更多破坏性后果。

The industrial society,in contrast to earlier civilized forms of human society,exhibits distinct accelerating characteristics that manifest in frequent and massive social changes brought about by four major technological revolutions since the advent of industrialization.These transformations have profoundly shaped the global modernization process that originated in the West,on one hand,causing the modern people to frequently experiencing significant emotional disturbances and mental health disorders.These upheavals stem from the disruption of their traditional concepts,institutions,and social structures,exacerbated by factors such as population concentration,market mobility,convenient transportation,instantaneous cross-spatial communication,and evolving consumption patterns.Meanwhile,the rise of industrialization coincided with the emergence of the capitalist revolution and modern national movements advocating for ethnic liberation,emphasizing the original propelling role of technology in both capital accumulation and expansion and in the pursuit of national independence and self-reliance.As a result,technology's acceleration has become an critical means for Western countries to maintain their absolute advantages over non-Western countries,simultaneously intensifying intense competition among nations and contributing to global social turbulence.Since the beginning of the 21st century,major breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) have catalyzed a new round of social acceleration,exerting unprecedented influence on the rapid restructuring of economic systems,occupational structures,and social life of human society at the present time.This development poses significant adaptive challenges to individuals'mental health and leads to widespread concerns and fears about current developmental realities and future prospects.Moreover,the intensification of these accelerator tendencies in economic and political domains,deepens the uncertainty and risks associated with global societal development.From an anthropological perspective,it can be observed that there exist profound essential connections between technological progress and social development,technological innovation and social transformation,and technological acceleration and social acceleration.To fully understand the fundamental reasons for these accelerating tendencies and their implications for human developmental problems,it is imperative to acknowledge the existing issues and risks within current national competition frameworks.By seeking reasonable leadership and control over the acceleration process,we can strive to mitigate the increasingly severe global technology-political crises.Looking ahead,the conventional national narrative based on national interest claims should be transformed as such a transformation appears to be inevitable.The essence of technological advancement in the DigitalIntelligent Era reflects human society's integration into novel circumstances and its transcendence beyond old national competition models.It is regarded paramount that the common interests of humanity take precedence over national interests,with national agendas striving to align with the common interests of humanity.There exists a growing hope for the emergence of a widely accepted global consensus on this.China boasts an enduring civilization tradition spanning thousands of years,which encompasses rich political experiences and wisdom.In exploring the shared destiny of humanity in the future,China's voice and its role as a force will play a crucial and significant role.