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仪式是作为学科的人类学界定自己的一大支柱,长期以来吸引了学人们广泛的兴趣。由于仪式文化现象的多维性与复杂性,学界对仪式的研究一直众说纷纭,神话-仪式学派、心理学派、结构-功能学派、现象学派、实践-表演学派等应运而生,从不同的角度对仪式进行阐释。本文根据近年来海内外的相关成果,对仪式研究的诸种学术取向作一简略梳理。
Abstract：As a defining feature of anthropology,ritual has long attracted scholarly attention.For its multiplicity and complexity,ritual involves diverse approaches,including the Myth-Ritualist,the Psychoanalytic,the Structural-Functionists,the Phenomenologist,and the Practice-Performance,etc.This essay offers a brief survey of the various trends in interpretation by exploring recent studies of rituals at home and abroad.
[1]Catherine Bell,Ritual:Perspectives and Dimensions.NewYork&Oxford:Oxford Universi-ty Press,1997,preface.
[2][法]涂尔干著.宗教生活的基本形式[M].渠东等译,上海:上海人民出版社,2006:39.
[3][英]菲奥伊.鲍伊著.宗教人类学导论[M].金泽等译,北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004:178.
[4]转引自[英]菲奥伊.鲍伊著.宗教人类学导论[M].金泽等译,北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004:176.
[5]Catherine Bell,Ritual:Perspectives and Dimensions.NewYork&Oxford:Oxford Universi-ty Press,1997,p.94.
[6][奥]弗洛伊德著.图腾与禁忌[M].文良文化译,中央编译出版社:167;亦见[美]包尔丹.宗教的七种理论[M].陶飞亚等译,上海古籍出版社,2005:73.
[7][奥]弗洛伊德著.图腾与禁忌[M].文良文化译,中央编译出版社:137-142.
[1](France)Emile Durkheim.Elementary Forms of the Religious Life[M].Oxford Univer-sity Press,2001.
[2](Britain)Fiona Bowie.The Anthropol-ogy of Religion:An Introduce[M].Blackwell Publishing,2000.
[3](Austria)Sigmund Freud.Totem and Taboo[M].Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd.,1950.
[4](America)Daniel L.Pals.Seven theo-ries of religion[M].Publisher:Oxford University Press,1996.
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DOI：
中图分类号:C912.4
引用信息:
[1]彭文斌,郭建勋.人类学仪式研究的理论学派述论[J].民族学刊,2010,1(02):13-18+160.
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